Chapter 34 & 35 Questions
1) What was the London Conference and what were it’s ramifications?
The London Conference was a meeting of sixty-six-nation delegates which hoped to organize a coordinate international attack on the global depression. They were particularly eager to stabilize the values of the various nations' currencies and the rates at which they could be exchanged.
2) What were the Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937? And what were their effects?
The Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937, taken together, stipulated that when the president proclaimed the existence of foreign war, certain restrictions would automatically go into effect. No American could legally sail on the belligerent, or make loans to a belligerent. The Neutrality Acts were specifically tailored to keep the nation out of conflict like World War I.
3) What happened in Spain and how did American actions effect the outcome?
Dictator Franco abundantly supplied with arms and men by his fellow dictators, strangled the republican government of Spain. The democracies, including the United States, were so determined to stay out of war that they helped to condemn a fellow democracy to death. In so doing they further encouraged the dictators to take the dangerous road that led over the precipice to World War II.
4) What were the Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies and the America First Committee examples of?
The Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies and the America First Commitee were examples of the people's stance on the war. The Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies was those who were in favoring of getting involved in the war by aiding the British. The America First Committee were those who wanted to put America first above all use and stay completely neutral.
5) What did, “better a third term that a third rater” mean?
Roosevelt decided to challenge the sacred two-term tradition. He avowed that in so grave crisis he owed his experienced hand to the service of his country and humanity. The Democratic delegates in Chicago, realizing that only with "the Champ" could they defeat Willkie, drafted him by a technically unanimous vote. They no longer wanted to vote for a "third-rater," so they nominated Roosevelt for a third term.
6) Explain the “Arsenal of Democracy”
The "Arsenal of Democracy" was the concept that America would send a limitless supply of arms to the victims of aggression, who in turn would finish the job and keep the war on their side of the Atlantic. Accounts would be settled by returning the used weapons or their equivalents to the United States when the war ended.
7) What was the Atlantic Charter and what was it’s importance?
The Atlantic Charter was the most memorable offspring of Hitler's assault on the Soviet Union. It was formally accepted and endorsed by Roosevelt and Churchill and endorsed by the Soviet Union later that year. The importance was that this new covenant outlined the aspirations of the democracies for a better world at war's end.
8) What effect did the start of War have on Immigrants and attitudes towards immigrants?
Italian Americans and German Americans loyally supported the nation's war program, so the discrimination of "pro-hitlerites" melted away. World War II actually speeded the assimilation of many ethnic groups into American society.
9) How did the War effect industry, give examples?
The war crisis caused the drooping American economy to snap attention. Massive military orders almost instantly soaked up the idle industrial capacity of the still-lingering Great Depression. The war halted the manufacture of nonessential items. The armed forces drained the farms of workers, but heavy new investment in agricultural machinery and improved fertilizers more than made up the difference. Full employment and scarce costumer caused the inflation in 1942.
The London Conference was a meeting of sixty-six-nation delegates which hoped to organize a coordinate international attack on the global depression. They were particularly eager to stabilize the values of the various nations' currencies and the rates at which they could be exchanged.
2) What were the Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937? And what were their effects?
The Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937, taken together, stipulated that when the president proclaimed the existence of foreign war, certain restrictions would automatically go into effect. No American could legally sail on the belligerent, or make loans to a belligerent. The Neutrality Acts were specifically tailored to keep the nation out of conflict like World War I.
3) What happened in Spain and how did American actions effect the outcome?
Dictator Franco abundantly supplied with arms and men by his fellow dictators, strangled the republican government of Spain. The democracies, including the United States, were so determined to stay out of war that they helped to condemn a fellow democracy to death. In so doing they further encouraged the dictators to take the dangerous road that led over the precipice to World War II.
4) What were the Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies and the America First Committee examples of?
The Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies and the America First Commitee were examples of the people's stance on the war. The Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies was those who were in favoring of getting involved in the war by aiding the British. The America First Committee were those who wanted to put America first above all use and stay completely neutral.
5) What did, “better a third term that a third rater” mean?
Roosevelt decided to challenge the sacred two-term tradition. He avowed that in so grave crisis he owed his experienced hand to the service of his country and humanity. The Democratic delegates in Chicago, realizing that only with "the Champ" could they defeat Willkie, drafted him by a technically unanimous vote. They no longer wanted to vote for a "third-rater," so they nominated Roosevelt for a third term.
6) Explain the “Arsenal of Democracy”
The "Arsenal of Democracy" was the concept that America would send a limitless supply of arms to the victims of aggression, who in turn would finish the job and keep the war on their side of the Atlantic. Accounts would be settled by returning the used weapons or their equivalents to the United States when the war ended.
7) What was the Atlantic Charter and what was it’s importance?
The Atlantic Charter was the most memorable offspring of Hitler's assault on the Soviet Union. It was formally accepted and endorsed by Roosevelt and Churchill and endorsed by the Soviet Union later that year. The importance was that this new covenant outlined the aspirations of the democracies for a better world at war's end.
8) What effect did the start of War have on Immigrants and attitudes towards immigrants?
Italian Americans and German Americans loyally supported the nation's war program, so the discrimination of "pro-hitlerites" melted away. World War II actually speeded the assimilation of many ethnic groups into American society.
9) How did the War effect industry, give examples?
The war crisis caused the drooping American economy to snap attention. Massive military orders almost instantly soaked up the idle industrial capacity of the still-lingering Great Depression. The war halted the manufacture of nonessential items. The armed forces drained the farms of workers, but heavy new investment in agricultural machinery and improved fertilizers more than made up the difference. Full employment and scarce costumer caused the inflation in 1942.